To show the permissions of files and directories using the ls command in Linux, you can use the -l (long format) option. Here is an example command that will display the permissions of files and directories in a long listing format:
ls -l filename_or_directory
The output of this command will include a string of characters at the beginning of each line, such as “-rw-r–r–“, that represents the file permissions. The first character indicates the file type (e.g. “-” for a regular file, “d” for a directory), while the next three characters indicate the permissions of the owner of the file, the following three characters indicate the permissions of the group that the file belongs to, and the last three characters indicate the permissions of all other users on the system.
For more information on file permissions and how to interpret the output of the ls command, you can refer to the manual page by typing man ls in the terminal.